Frequently Asked Questions
What is a perfect square?
A non-negative integer that equals the square of an integer. Examples: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, ...
How do I test if a large number is a perfect square?
Compute the integer square root via Newton's method on big integers and check if its square equals the original. Floating-point square root is unreliable for very large numbers.
Are negative numbers perfect squares?
No. Over the real integers a perfect square is non-negative. Over the Gaussian integers minus 1 equals i squared, but that is a different setting.
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