Frequently Asked Questions
What is stoichiometry?
Stoichiometry is the calculation of relative quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions using the mole ratios from a balanced equation. The word comes from Greek: stoicheion (element) + metron (measure). It answers "how much of each substance is consumed or produced?" when given an amount of one substance.
How do I use stoichiometry to find the mass of a product?
Convert the known mass to moles (divide by molar mass), then multiply by the mole ratio from the balanced equation, then convert to mass (multiply by the product molar mass). For 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O: if you start with 4 g H2 (2 mol), the ratio says you produce 2 mol H2O = 36 g of water.
What is a limiting reagent?
The limiting reagent is the reactant that runs out first and determines the maximum amount of product. Find it by converting each reactant to moles, then dividing by its stoichiometric coefficient - the smaller result is the limiting reagent. Excess reagent is the other reactant; some is left over after the reaction completes.
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